The Nineteenth Hole

How do nuke builders know how much material (fission, fusion) to put into a bomb, as far as size of explosion?

I know that if you have a core of 1 pound, you could inflict a lot of destruction in a wide area. Obviously, if you have a core of 100 pounds, it would be even bigger. How do they know how much nuclear material releases the biggest amount of energy? How much nuclear material was in Tsar Bomba, the world's biggest fusion-based nuke, which measured 50 megatons?

Turns out more fissionable material than an optimal amount will not create more explosive energy. So your assertion that 100 lbs would create more than 1 lb may not be true. I've not done the math to determine where that optimal mass might be, but from the fission nuke weapons I know, it's not much bigger than a softball, whatever that weighs in U or Pu.

At the National Lab where I was a Research Associate, they had Nixon, no, not the President, but a very large computer program that tracked up to 23 generations of chain reaction over very small increments of volume and time. They used CDC 7600's hooked up in a local network to crunch the numbers. It literally took days to complete the calculations, during which time other research, like mine, had to come to a halt for the lack of computer time.

I mention Nixon because it was a major tool for figuring out "... how much nuclear material releases the biggest amount of energy" for new weapons in the design stage.

The Tsar device was an anomaly. Typical strategic fusion weapons in the U.S. ran around 250 KT per warhead. Even the Soviets, who really didn't get it, used only around 1 MT strategic weapons.

A little known fact you'd be interested to know I think is that it takes a fission bomb to set off a fusion bomb. That is, each and every fusion weapon is triggered by a small nuke fission device. It takes that kind of heat and pressure to cause fusion of the lighter elements, like deuterium or tritium.

Let's Play Metroid Fusion - Wide I Get This Beam (13)

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